The basic syntax in C programming includes various elements such as keywords, identifiers, data types, operators, control structures, and functions. Here's an overview of each of these elements:

• Keywords: Keywords are reserved words that have a specific meaning in the C language. Some examples of keywords in C include if, else, while, int, float, char, return, struct, and void.

• Identifiers: Identifiers are names given to variables, functions, and other entities in a program. They are user-defined and can consist of a combination of letters, digits, and underscores. Identifiers in C are case-sensitive.

• Data Types: C has several built-in data types, including integer (int), character (char), floating-point (float and double), and void. A data type is used to define the kind of data that a variable or expression can hold.

• Operators: Operators are used to perform various operations on data, such as arithmetic, logical, and relational operations. Examples of operators in C include +, -, *, /, %, &&, ||, ==, !=, >, <, >=, and <=.

• Control Structures: Control structures are used to control the flow of a program. C provides several control structures, including if statements, while and for loops, switch statements, and do-while loops.

• Functions: Functions are self-contained blocks of code that perform a specific task. They are defined with a return type, a name, and a set of parameters. Functions in C can be called from other parts of the program.

Here's an example of how these elements can be used together to declare a variable, assign a value to it, and print the value to the console:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num = 42;   // declare and initialize a variable of type int
    printf("The answer is %d\n", num);   // print the value of the variable
    return 0;
}

In this example, the program uses the int data type to declare a variable called num and initializes it with the value 42. The printf function is used to print the value of num to the console, using the %d format specifier to indicate that an integer should be printed. Finally, the program returns 0 to signal successful completion.