So bottom line is, is there a way to specify a jdk for a single invocation of maven?

所以底线是，有没有办法为 maven 的单个调用指定 jdk？

Temporarily change the value of your JAVA_HOMEenvironment variable.

临时更改JAVA_HOME环境变量的值。

Hudson also allows you to define several Java runtimes, and let you invoke Maven with one of these. Have a closer look on the configuration page.

Hudson 还允许您定义多个 Java 运行时，并让您使用其中之一调用 Maven。仔细查看配置页面。

I say you setup the JAVA_HOMEenvironment variable like Pascal is saying: In Cygwin if you use bash as your shell should be:

我说你JAVA_HOME像 Pascal 所说的那样设置环境变量：在 Cygwin 中，如果你使用 bash 作为你的 shell 应该是：

export JAVA_HOME=/cygdrive/c/pathtothejdk

It never harms to also prependthe java bindirectory path to the PATHenvironment variable with:

它从来没有危害也预先准备了javabin的目录路径PATH与环境变量：

export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}

Also add maven-enforce-pluginto make sure the right JDK is used. This is a good practice for your pom.

还要添加maven-enforce-plugin以确保使用正确的 JDK。这对你的 pom 来说是一个很好的做法。

<build>
 <plugins>
   <plugin>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>
      <executions>
        <execution>
          <id>enforce-versions</id>
          <goals>
            <goal>enforce</goal>
          </goals>
          <configuration>
            <rules>
              <requireJavaVersion>
                <version>1.6</version>
              </requireJavaVersion>
            </rules>
          </configuration>
        </execution>
      </executions>
    </plugin>
  </plugins>
</build>

Please, see Maven Enforcer plugin – Usage.

请参阅Maven Enforcer 插件 – 用法。

As u said "Plus, I don't want to use 1.6 for all maven builds."....So better I will say modify your pom file and specify which jdk version to use.

正如你所说的“另外，我不想为所有 maven 构建使用 1.6。”....所以我会说修改你的 pom 文件并指定要使用的 jdk 版本更好。

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.7.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.9</source>
                <target>1.9</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

It will ensure that your particular project uses that version of jdk.

它将确保您的特定项目使用该版本的 jdk。

Maven uses variable $JAVACMD as the final java command, set it to where the java executable is will switch maven to different JDK.

Maven 使用变量 $JAVACMD 作为最终的 java 命令，将其设置为 java 可执行文件所在的位置会将 maven 切换到不同的 JDK。

Seems that maven now gives a solution here : Compiling Sources Using A Different JDK

似乎 maven 现在在这里提供了一个解决方案：使用不同的 JDK 编译源代码

Let's say your JAVA_HOMEpoints to JDK7 (which will run maven processes)

假设您JAVA_HOME指向 JDK7（它将运行 maven 进程）

Your pom.xmlcould be :

你pom.xml可能是：

<build>
    <plugins>
        <!-- we want JDK 1.6 source and binary compatiblility -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.6</source>
                <target>1.6</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- ... -->
        <!-- we want sources to be processed by a specific 1.6 javac -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
            <configuration>
              <verbose>true</verbose>
              <fork>true</fork>
              <executable>${JAVA_1_6_HOME}/bin/javac</executable>
              <compilerVersion>1.3</compilerVersion>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

If your developpers just add (and customize) the following lines in their settings.xml, your pom will be platform independant :

如果您的开发人员只是在他们的 中添加（并自定义）以下几行settings.xml，您的 pom 将与平台无关：

<settings>
  [...]
  <profiles>
    [...]
    <profile>
      <id>compiler</id>
        <properties>
          <JAVA_1_4_HOME>C:\Program Files\Java\j2sdk1.4.2_09</JAVA_1_4_HOME>
          <JAVA_1_6_HOME>C:\Program Files\Java\j2sdk1.6.0_18</JAVA_1_6_HOME>
        </properties>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
  [...]
  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>compiler</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>
</settings>

I had build problem with maven within Eclipse on Windows 7.

我在 Windows 7 上的 Eclipse 中使用 maven 构建问题。

Though I observed mvn build was running just fine from command line.

虽然我观察到 mvn build 从命令行运行得很好。

mvn -T 5 -B -e -X -U -P test clean install -Dmaven.surefire.debug  --settings ..\..\infra-scripts\maven-conf\settings.xml   > output.log

Eclipse was considering as default JVM a JRE installation instead of JDK so it was failing on compilation.

Eclipse 正在考虑将 JRE 安装而不是 JDK 作为默认 JVM，因此编译失败。

I added to eclipse.ini following line:

我添加到 eclipse.ini 以下行：

-vm
C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_25\bin

Also when starting from eclipse I used in "Goals" section following list:

此外，当我从 Eclipse 开始时，我在“目标”部分使用了以下列表：

-T 5 -B -e -X -U -P test clean install -Dmaven.surefire.debug  --settings ..\..\infra-scripts\maven-conf\settings.xml

Compilation error got solved.

编译错误得到解决。

compile:compilehas a user propertythat allows you to specify a path to the javac.

compile:compile有一个用户属性，允许您指定javac.

Note that this user property only works when forkis truewhich is falseby default.

需要注意的是，当该用户属性只能fork是true这是false默认。

$ mvn -Dmaven.compiler.fork=true -Dmaven.compiler.executable=/path/to/the/javac compile

You might have to double quote the value if it contains spaces.

如果值包含空格，您可能需要用双引号括起来。

> mvn -Dmaven.compiler.fork=true -Dmaven.compiler.executable="C:\...\javac" compile

See also Maven custom properties precedence.

另请参阅Maven 自定义属性优先级。

I know its an old thread. But I was having some issues with something similar to this in Maven for Java 8 compiler source. I figured this out with a quick fix mentioned in this articlethought I can put it here and maybe can help others:

我知道它是一个旧线程。但是我在 Maven for Java 8 编译器源代码中遇到了一些与此类似的问题。我通过本文中提到的快速修复解决了这个问题，认为我可以把它放在这里，也许可以帮助其他人：

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>

For Java 9 :

对于 Java 9：

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.7.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>9</source>
                <target>9</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>