mongodb gridfs

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MongoDB GridFS is a file storage system used to store and retrieve large files in MongoDB. GridFS is ideal for storing files that exceed the BSON document size limit of 16 megabytes, such as audio and video files, images, and other large documents.

GridFS stores files as separate chunks of data in a MongoDB database, with each chunk being stored as a separate document in a "chunks" collection. GridFS also stores metadata about each file in a separate "files" collection, including the filename, content type, size, and any other custom metadata you want to store.

Here's an example of how to use GridFS in MongoDB:

// Create a new GridFS bucket
const { GridFSBucket } = require('mongodb');
const bucket = new GridFSBucket(db);

// Open a stream to upload a file
const fs = require('fs');
const stream = fs.createReadStream('/path/to/my/file.mp4');
const uploadStream = bucket.openUploadStream('file.mp4');

// Pipe the file stream into the GridFS stream
stream.pipe(uploadStream);

// Once the upload is complete, retrieve the file by ID
const fileId = uploadStream.id;
const downloadStream = bucket.openDownloadStream(fileId);
downloadStream.pipe(fs.createWriteStream('/path/to/my/downloaded/file.mp4'));

In this example, we're creating a new GridFS bucket and opening a write stream to upload a file to the database. We then pipe the file stream into the GridFS stream using the openUploadStream method, which automatically breaks the file into chunks and stores them in the "chunks" collection.

Once the upload is complete, we retrieve the file by its ID using the openDownloadStream method and pipe the download stream to a file on the local file system.

GridFS is a powerful tool for storing and retrieving large files in MongoDB, but it can also be more complex to use than simply storing files as binary data in a regular collection. It's important to consider the performance and scalability implications of using GridFS for your specific use case.